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    Research Papers

    Effects of the Istanbul Channel on Federal Russia

    The announcement by Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan in April 2011 of his country's intention to move beyond legal and environmental concerns to drill a parallel channel to the Bosphorus Strait linking the Black Sea to the Mediterranean Sea in a manner similar to what was being done in...

    The potential of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to revive Iraq

    The economic challenges facing Iraq have accumulated in recent years, leading to an economic crisis that has left Iraq in need of cash liquidity other than those provided by oil sales, especially in the face of unstable oil prices, the search for non-oil liquidity leads to the opening of...

    Addressing illiteracy in Iraq

    The Iraqi economy, the public sector, and political stability face various challenges, such as corruption, the rent economy, unemployment, political violence and education in general, or illiteracy in particular, as a result of all these factors, adult illiteracy in Iraq is thought to be around 50% since 2018 according...

    The housing crisis in Iraq… Seeking solutions with international initiatives

    The housing problem in Iraq is worsening rapidly, in a country with a growth rate of 3% per year, and is largely concentrated in the capital, Baghdad, in the absence of official figures, or a population census that accurately shows the extent of the problem and the actual need...

    Explanation of current exchange market trends in Iraq

    The Economic Studies Section of AL-Bayan Center for Studies and Planning held a dialogue with the Prime Minister's Adviser on Finance the economy specialist Dr. Madah Mohamed Saleh. The dialogue included recent changes in the exchange rate in Iraqi markets.          AL-Bayan Center: How does the foreign currency demand go...

    Iraq’s federal budget for 2021… the controversy of the government and parliament

    A general budget is defined as a detailed and approved estimate of public expenditure and revenue for a financial future that is often one year. From this definition, it appears that the general budget has two basic elements: Recognition and Accreditation.  The first term is to estimate the public...

    Right-wing extremism and the threat to international peace and security

    The rise of right-wing extremism and the emergence of its influence in the political landscape in many countries of the world, particularly in several European countries, these political and social phenomena received unprecedented attention over the last two decades, whether by Governments, international organizations, research centers, academic studies, civil...

    Indicators of sustainable development goals in Iraq (2016 – 2020)

    During the period 2016-2020, Iraq was able to achieve 6.5 on the Goals Progress Index. In 2016, Iraq achieved 56.6, ranking 118th out of 157 countries, advancing to 63.1 in 2020 and 113.0 out of 166 countries. It achieved a regional score from 62.3 to 66.3 at the bright...

    Fragile federal budget and contradictions in achieving sustainable development in Iraq

    The persistence of the same problems in the absence of fiscal reforms and the inability to address and confront administrative and financial corruption will undoubtedly make it inevitable that contradictions persist in the absence of sustainable development, especially as Iraq suffers from the worst performance of Gross domestic product...

    The role of youth in peace-building processes in Iraq

    Peace is the base for the stability of States and an important foundation for the destiny of societies. And in its absence, conflict prevails, stability disappears and opportunities for development from education and health are reduced. Peace is a constructive and positive step taken by actors and peace-makers to...