Mustafa Al-Saray – Director of the Political Studies Department at Al-Bayan Center
Maha Zainal – Trainee researcher at Al-Bayan Center
Corruption is a phenomenon that extends unlimited, leaving only a State and prolonging it. No society has been spared from corruption. This phenomenon did not differentiate between a developed and a backward State, It is linked to the existence of man wherever he is, but it cannot be denied that the spread of this phenomenon is more embodied in developing than in developed countries, as it represents a fertile environment for the growth of this phenomenon; For many reasons, including the lack of sufficient transparency and impartiality to ensure continuous oversight of the functioning of administrative organs and the optimal application of the law.
Definition of administrative and financial corruption
It is difficult to find a unified definition of administrative corruption due, among other things, to the complexity of the phenomenon of corruption, different curricula, multiple expressions, and diverse backgrounds of participants in their discussion and research. Among the definitions given to administrative corruption is Transparency International. The World Bank defines it as an abuse of public office for private gain. And defined corruption in the draft United Nations Convention against Corruption as “acts of improper performance of duty, or abuse of a site or authority including acts of omission in anticipation of an advantage or seeking an advantage promised, offered or requested directly or indirectly. ”
Corruption is also defined as “activities within the administrative apparatus, which result in the deviation of that organ from its objectives; in favour of special objectives, either individually or collectively, “and is defined as” conduct based on deviation from official duties associated with public office in the interest of a private interest. ”
Financial corruption (the illegal behavior of wasting public money, entrepreneurial brokering, and the arms trade) and the waste of public funds here takes many forms, the most important of which are:
Embezzlement and aggression against public money, such as inflating public spending bills for the benefit of specific individuals or classes.
By job, a public servant would take a fee for a service the state provides free of charge to citizens or higher than the fee set for earnings.
Brokerage involves exchange market manipulations such as currency trading, stock and bond money markets, and certain brokerage firms such as issuing shares without balances.
The causes of administrative corruption are determined by the following:
1. Social and cultural reasons: not to instill sterility and religious morals in young people; This leads to non-benign behaviors, such as bribery and disrespect for judgments and laws.
2. Economic reasons: Due to poor economic and living conditions, most employees cannot meet their livelihood requirements and find themselves justified in accepting bribery; to fill the material shortage he suffers from.
3. Political reasons: Political instability creates a climate and an atmosphere conducive to administrative corruption.
Administrative corruption has many manifestations: administrative, functional, or organizational deviations, which can be summarized as follows:
I. Organizational, functional corruption: organizational corruption is linked to violations committed by a public official in the performance of their duties, which are detrimental to the work and its regularity, such as non-compliance with their working hours, attendance, and departure, loss of time by receiving visitors and moving from one office to another, the performance of personal work, failure to perform work, or laxity and laxity
Definition of administrative and financial corruption
It is difficult to find a unified definition of administrative corruption due, among other things, to the complexity of the phenomenon of corruption, different curricula, multiple expressions, and diverse backgrounds of participants in their discussion and research. Among the definitions given to administrative corruption is Transparency International. The World Bank defines it as an abuse of public office for private gain. And defined corruption in the draft United Nations Convention against Corruption as “acts of improper performance of duty, or abuse of a site or authority including acts of omission in anticipation of an advantage or seeking an advantage promised, offered or requested directly or indirectly. ”
Corruption is also defined as “activities within the administrative apparatus, which result in the deviation of that organ from its objectives; in favour of special objectives, either individually or collectively, “and is defined as” conduct based on deviation from official duties associated with public office in the interest of a private interest. ”
Financial corruption (the illegal behavior of wasting public money, entrepreneurial brokering, and the arms trade) and the waste of public funds here takes many forms, the most important of which are:
Embezzlement and aggression against public money, such as inflating public spending bills for the benefit of specific individuals or classes.
By job, a public servant would take a fee for a service the state provides free of charge to citizens or higher than the fee set for earnings.
Brokerage involves exchange market manipulations such as currency trading, stock and bond money markets, and certain brokerage firms such as issuing shares without balances.
The causes of administrative corruption are determined by the following:
1. Social and cultural reasons: not to instill sterility and religious morals in young people; This leads to non-benign behaviors, such as bribery and disrespect for judgments and laws.
2. Economic reasons: Due to poor economic and living conditions, most employees cannot meet their livelihood requirements and find themselves justified in accepting bribery; to fill the material shortage he suffers from.
3. Political reasons: Political instability creates a climate and an atmosphere conducive to administrative corruption.
Administrative corruption has many manifestations: administrative, functional, or organizational deviations, which can be summarized as follows:
I. Organizational, functional corruption: organizational corruption is linked to violations committed by a public official in the performance of their duties, which are detrimental to the work and its regularity, such as non-compliance with their working hours, attendance, and departure, loss of time by receiving visitors and moving from one office to another, the performance of personal work, failure to perform work, or laxity and laxity
